據(jù)油價(jià)網(wǎng)2023年4月11日?qǐng)?bào)道，根據(jù)彭博新聞社日前看到的一份會(huì)議公報(bào)草案，由全球工業(yè)化程度最高的7個(gè)國(guó)家組成的七國(guó)集團(tuán)正努力在本周晚些時(shí)候在日本舉行峰會(huì)之前，就到2030年前逐步淘汰煤炭發(fā)電計(jì)劃達(dá)成共識(shí)。

在這些文件草案中，美國(guó)、日本和歐盟表示，他們對(duì)英國(guó)提出的一項(xiàng)建議持保留態(tài)度：這項(xiàng)提議是在4月15日和16日舉行的七國(guó)集團(tuán)能源和氣候變化部長(zhǎng)峰會(huì)上，為停止燃煤發(fā)電設(shè)定一個(gè)明確的2030年最后期限。

據(jù)彭博新聞社報(bào)道，德國(guó)對(duì)英國(guó)提議中的明確時(shí)間表給出了替代方案，口耳相傳的草案是“理想情況下在2030年前”或“在21世紀(jì)30年代”逐步淘汰煤炭發(fā)電。

此次七國(guó)集團(tuán)峰會(huì)東道主日本是一個(gè)資源貧乏的發(fā)達(dá)經(jīng)濟(jì)體，依賴化石燃料進(jìn)口滿足其能源需求。日本建議七國(guó)集團(tuán)重申去年的承諾，即“到2035年前實(shí)現(xiàn)電力行業(yè)完全或絕大多數(shù)脫碳”。

去年，七國(guó)集團(tuán)氣候、能源和環(huán)境部長(zhǎng)在5月舉行的一次會(huì)議后表示，“我們進(jìn)一步承諾到2035年前實(shí)現(xiàn)電力行業(yè)絕大多數(shù)脫碳的目標(biāo)，根據(jù)我們2030年的氣候自主貢獻(xiàn)目標(biāo)，我們的電力行業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型承諾和我們各自的凈零承諾，優(yōu)先采取具體和及時(shí)的步驟，最終逐步淘汰國(guó)內(nèi)不受抑制的煤炭發(fā)電。”

一個(gè)月后，七國(guó)集團(tuán)國(guó)家元首和政府首腦在2022年6月表示，“承諾到2035年前實(shí)現(xiàn)電力行業(yè)完全或絕大多數(shù)脫碳”。

七國(guó)集團(tuán)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人2022年表示：“認(rèn)識(shí)到煤炭發(fā)電是全球氣溫上升的最大單一原因，我們承諾優(yōu)先采取具體及時(shí)的步驟，以實(shí)現(xiàn)加快淘汰國(guó)內(nèi)不受抑制的煤炭發(fā)電的目標(biāo)。”但沒有給出明確的時(shí)間表。

據(jù)報(bào)道，在本周七國(guó)集團(tuán)日本峰會(huì)召開之前，七國(guó)集團(tuán)未再提及氣候問題，表示還將考慮批準(zhǔn)對(duì)天然氣進(jìn)行新的上游投資。

李峻 編譯自 油價(jià)網(wǎng)

原文如下：

G7 Nations Diverge On Plan To Phase Out Coal Power By 2030

The G7 group of the world’s most industrialized nations is struggling to find common ground on committing to phasing out coal power generation by 2030 ahead of a summit in Japan later this week, according to a draft communique for the meeting seen by Bloomberg News.

In those draft documents, the United States, Japan, and the European Union have said they have reservations about a proposal by the UK to set a firm 2030 deadline to end unabated coal-fired power generation when the G7 energy and climate change ministers meet at a summit on April 15 and 16. 

Germany has reportedly offered alternative wording to the firm timeline proposed by the UK, with drafts being circulated mentioning coal phase-out “ideally by 2030” or “in the 2030s,” according to Bloomberg. 

The summit host Japan, a resource-poor developed economy dependent on fossil fuel imports for its energy demand, has suggested that the G7 reiterate a commitment from last year to achieve “a fully or predominantly decarbonized power sector by 2035.”

Last year, the G7 Climate, Energy and Environment Ministers said after a meeting in May that “we further commit to a goal of achieving predominantly decarbonised electricity sectors by 2035, prioritising, consistent with our 2030 NDCs, our power sector transition commitments and our respective net zero commitments, concrete and timely steps towards the goal of an eventual phase-out of domestic unabated coal power generation.”

A month later, the G7 Heads of State and Government said in June they “commit to achieving a fully or predominantly decarbonized power sector by 2035.”

“Recognizing that coal power generation is the single biggest cause of global temperature increase, we commit to prioritizing concrete and timely steps towards the goal of accelerating phase-out of domestic unabated coal power generation,” the G7 leaders said last year without giving a timeline for the phase-out.

Ahead of the summit in Japan this week, the G7 nations are also reportedly considering endorsing new upstream investment in natural gas despite climate concerns.